The stacking of bricks has a great influence on the firing quality. The higher the density of the kiln, the higher the efficiency of the tunnel kiln. However, with the increase of the density of the kiln, the gas resistance increases significantly, and more defective waste products are produced after firing. For the waste caused by cooling fracture, the influence of kiln density is greater than that of cooling speed.
The firing system of refractory bricks generally includes heating rate, maximum firing temperature, holding time at the maximum firing temperature, cooling rate and firing atmosphere. In terms of operation control, it is expressed as the highest firing temperature and cart time.
The firing temperature of magnesia bricks increases with the increase of magnesium content. The firing temperature of burnt magnesia bricks is about 1500°C, and the firing temperature of 98 recombined magnesia bricks is 1750–1800°C. The load softness of magnesia bricks is close to the firing temperature.